Friday, June 22, 2007
medscape stroke (beroerte)
Prevalence of Stroke --- United States, 2005
Posted 06/11/2007
J.R. Neyer; K.J. Greenlund, PhD; C.H. Denny, PhD; N.L. Keenan, PhD; M. Casper, PhD; D.R. Labarthe, MD, PhD; J.B. Croft, PhD
Author Information
CME
Nocturnal GERD: Definitions, Diagnosis, and Evolving Treatment Directions
Peter J. Kahrilas, MD presents provides an overview of pH montioring in presenting 'Esophageal Acid Exposure: Measurement, meaning and therapeutic implications.'
* Click here to read more
Content
Stroke is the third most common cause of death in the United States.[1] Stroke also results in substantial health-care expenditures; the mean lifetime cost resulting from an ischemic stroke is estimated at $140,000 per patient.[1] Nationwide, costs related to stroke are expected to reach an estimated $62.7 billion in 2007.[1] Stroke death rates are higher in the southeastern United States, compared with other regions of the country; blacks, American Indians/Alaska Natives (AI/ANs), Asians/Pacific Islanders, and Hispanics die from stroke at younger ages than whites.[1-3] Regional and national data on self-reported stroke prevalence have been published previously;[1,4] however, state-specific prevalence data for persons with a history of stroke have not. To provide national-level stroke prevalence estimates by age group, sex, race/ethnicity, and education level and overall prevalence estimates for each of the 50 states, the U.S. Virgin Islands (USVI), the District of Columbia (DC), and Puerto Rico, CDC analyzed data from the 2005 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) survey. This report summarizes the results of that analysis and provides the first state-based prevalence estimates of stroke. The results indicated that, in 2005, substantial differences existed in the prevalence of stroke by state/territory, race/ethnicity, age group, and education level. To lower the incidence of stroke and meet the Healthy People 2010 objective* to reduce stroke deaths (objective no. 12-7) and the overall goal to eliminate health disparities, public health programs should augment stroke risk-factor prevention and educational measures in disproportionately affected regions and populations.
BRFSS is a state-based, random-digit_dialed telephone survey of the noninstitutionalized, U.S. civilian population aged >18 years and is administered by state health departments in collaboration with CDC. In 2005, the median response rate among states, based on Council of American Survey and Research Organizations guidelines, was 51.1% (range: 34.6%--67.4%). This rate accounts for the efficiency of the telephone sampling method used and participation rates among eligible respondents who were contacted. A total of 356,112 respondents from all 50 states, DC, Puerto Rico, and USVI participated in the survey. State (including DC) and territory sample sizes ranged from 2,422 (USVI) to 23,302 (Washington). The racial/ethnic national sample sizes ranged from 5,535 (AI/ANs) to 279,419 (whites). All prevalence estimates in this report have a numerator >50 and a relative standard error <30% to ensure that estimates are stable.†
Survey respondents answered the question, "Has a doctor or other health professional ever told you that you had a stroke?" Differences in prevalence were assessed by age group, sex, race/ethnicity, education level, and state or territory of residence. Data were weighted to reflect the population aged >18 years in each state and territory and were age adjusted to the 2000 U.S. standard population to allow for more meaningful comparisons between states and between demographic groups. The weighted state prevalence values were used to estimate the number of persons with a history of stroke in various demographic groups and in each state or territory. Respondents provided racial/ethnic identification; those who identified themselves as multiracial were included in a separate category.
In 2005, 2.6% (95% confidence interval [CI] = 2.5--2.7) of noninstitutionalized U.S. adults (approximately 5,839,000 persons) had a history of stroke ( Table 1 ). The prevalence of stroke increased with age: 8.1% of respondents aged >65 years reported a history of stroke, compared with 0.8% of persons aged 18--44 years. The prevalence of stroke among men (2.7%) and women (2.5%) was similar. Among persons with less than 12 years of education, 4.4% reported a history of stroke, approximately twice the proportion among college graduates (1.8%).
The overall prevalences of stroke among AI/ANs (6.0%), multiracial persons (4.6%), and blacks (4.0%) were higher than the prevalence among whites (2.3%). The prevalences of stroke among Asians/Pacific Islanders (1.6%) and Hispanics (2.6%) were similar to the prevalence among whites.
The prevalence of stroke ranged from 1.5% in Connecticut to 4.3% in Mississippi ( Table 2 ). States and territories with the highest prevalence of stroke had approximately twice the prevalence of those with the lowest (Figure 1). Wyoming, with an estimated state population of 509,000 in 2005, had the lowest estimated number of persons reporting a history of stroke (10,000); California, with an estimated population of approximately 36 million in 2005, had the highest (641,000).
Click to zoom
Figure 1. (click image to zoom)
Percentage of respondents aged ≥18 years who reported a history of stroke, by state/area–Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System, United States, 2005*
Posted 06/11/2007
J.R. Neyer; K.J. Greenlund, PhD; C.H. Denny, PhD; N.L. Keenan, PhD; M. Casper, PhD; D.R. Labarthe, MD, PhD; J.B. Croft, PhD
Author Information
CME
Nocturnal GERD: Definitions, Diagnosis, and Evolving Treatment Directions
Peter J. Kahrilas, MD presents provides an overview of pH montioring in presenting 'Esophageal Acid Exposure: Measurement, meaning and therapeutic implications.'
* Click here to read more
Content
Stroke is the third most common cause of death in the United States.[1] Stroke also results in substantial health-care expenditures; the mean lifetime cost resulting from an ischemic stroke is estimated at $140,000 per patient.[1] Nationwide, costs related to stroke are expected to reach an estimated $62.7 billion in 2007.[1] Stroke death rates are higher in the southeastern United States, compared with other regions of the country; blacks, American Indians/Alaska Natives (AI/ANs), Asians/Pacific Islanders, and Hispanics die from stroke at younger ages than whites.[1-3] Regional and national data on self-reported stroke prevalence have been published previously;[1,4] however, state-specific prevalence data for persons with a history of stroke have not. To provide national-level stroke prevalence estimates by age group, sex, race/ethnicity, and education level and overall prevalence estimates for each of the 50 states, the U.S. Virgin Islands (USVI), the District of Columbia (DC), and Puerto Rico, CDC analyzed data from the 2005 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) survey. This report summarizes the results of that analysis and provides the first state-based prevalence estimates of stroke. The results indicated that, in 2005, substantial differences existed in the prevalence of stroke by state/territory, race/ethnicity, age group, and education level. To lower the incidence of stroke and meet the Healthy People 2010 objective* to reduce stroke deaths (objective no. 12-7) and the overall goal to eliminate health disparities, public health programs should augment stroke risk-factor prevention and educational measures in disproportionately affected regions and populations.
BRFSS is a state-based, random-digit_dialed telephone survey of the noninstitutionalized, U.S. civilian population aged >18 years and is administered by state health departments in collaboration with CDC. In 2005, the median response rate among states, based on Council of American Survey and Research Organizations guidelines, was 51.1% (range: 34.6%--67.4%). This rate accounts for the efficiency of the telephone sampling method used and participation rates among eligible respondents who were contacted. A total of 356,112 respondents from all 50 states, DC, Puerto Rico, and USVI participated in the survey. State (including DC) and territory sample sizes ranged from 2,422 (USVI) to 23,302 (Washington). The racial/ethnic national sample sizes ranged from 5,535 (AI/ANs) to 279,419 (whites). All prevalence estimates in this report have a numerator >50 and a relative standard error <30% to ensure that estimates are stable.†
Survey respondents answered the question, "Has a doctor or other health professional ever told you that you had a stroke?" Differences in prevalence were assessed by age group, sex, race/ethnicity, education level, and state or territory of residence. Data were weighted to reflect the population aged >18 years in each state and territory and were age adjusted to the 2000 U.S. standard population to allow for more meaningful comparisons between states and between demographic groups. The weighted state prevalence values were used to estimate the number of persons with a history of stroke in various demographic groups and in each state or territory. Respondents provided racial/ethnic identification; those who identified themselves as multiracial were included in a separate category.
In 2005, 2.6% (95% confidence interval [CI] = 2.5--2.7) of noninstitutionalized U.S. adults (approximately 5,839,000 persons) had a history of stroke ( Table 1 ). The prevalence of stroke increased with age: 8.1% of respondents aged >65 years reported a history of stroke, compared with 0.8% of persons aged 18--44 years. The prevalence of stroke among men (2.7%) and women (2.5%) was similar. Among persons with less than 12 years of education, 4.4% reported a history of stroke, approximately twice the proportion among college graduates (1.8%).
The overall prevalences of stroke among AI/ANs (6.0%), multiracial persons (4.6%), and blacks (4.0%) were higher than the prevalence among whites (2.3%). The prevalences of stroke among Asians/Pacific Islanders (1.6%) and Hispanics (2.6%) were similar to the prevalence among whites.
The prevalence of stroke ranged from 1.5% in Connecticut to 4.3% in Mississippi ( Table 2 ). States and territories with the highest prevalence of stroke had approximately twice the prevalence of those with the lowest (Figure 1). Wyoming, with an estimated state population of 509,000 in 2005, had the lowest estimated number of persons reporting a history of stroke (10,000); California, with an estimated population of approximately 36 million in 2005, had the highest (641,000).
Click to zoom
Figure 1. (click image to zoom)
Percentage of respondents aged ≥18 years who reported a history of stroke, by state/area–Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System, United States, 2005*
# posted by roodbont @ 4:33 AM 
